In Koasati, an Indigenous language from what is now the southeastern United States, misp-li is the singular form of “to wink,” whereas misn-lis is the plural form of “to wink”; similarly, latf-kan is the singular form of “to kick something,” whereas lurtkan is the plural form of “to kick something.” These are instances of subtractive morphology, in which a base word is truncated—removing the ip and af, in these cases—to form a new, related word. This kind of subtractive morphology is pervasive in Koasa

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